简体中文
介词
介词是完形与词汇题的常客，考两件事：固定搭配记没记牢，语义分工清不清楚。我把介词笔记按「时间三分 → 地点三分 → 易混方位 → 固定搭配 → 及物陷阱」整理在这里，例句可点读。
时间三分：in / on / at
| 介词 | 管哪段 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| in | 长段：年、月、季节、早晚 | in 2026，in May，in the morning |
| on | 具体某天：日期、星期、节日当天 | on Monday，on May 4th，on Sunday morning |
| at | 时点：钟点、正午、夜半 | at six，at noon，at night |
记忆口径：范围从大到小，in 罩大段，on 落到某一天，at 扎到一个点。具体到某天的早晚用 on（on Monday morning），只有泛说早晚才用 in（in the morning）。
地点三分：in / on / at
| 介词 | 管哪类 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| at | 点：门口、车站、学校 | at the door，at the bus stop，at school |
| in | 内部与大范围：房间、城市、国家 | in the room，in Beijing，in China |
| on | 表面与线上：墙面、桌面、交通线 | on the wall，on the desk，on the bus |
交通工具的口径：bus、train、plane 这类能站能走的用 on（on the bus），car 这类坐进去的用 in（in the car）。
易混方位：over / above，under / below
- over 正上方，常带覆盖、越过的动感：a bridge over the river。
- above 高于，不一定是正上方：The plane flew above the clouds.
- under 正下方，与 over 对应：The cat slept under the table.
- below 低于，与 above 对应：The valley is 500 meters below the peak.
高频固定搭配
| 搭配 | 义 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| insist on | 坚持要做 | He insisted on paying the bill. |
| consist of | 由…组成（无被动） | The committee consists of ten members. |
| depend on / rely on | 依靠 | You can rely on her. |
| account for | 解释；占（比例） | imports account for 30% of the total |
| accuse sb. of | 指控某人 | He was accused of theft. |
| blame sb. for / blame sth. on | 责怪 | They blamed the delay on the weather. |
| warn sb. of / about | 警告 | She warned me of the risk. |
| deprive sb. of | 剥夺 | be deprived of the chance |
| rob sb. of | 抢走 | rob him of his wallet |
| charge sb. with | 指控（罪名） | He was charged with murder. |
| provide sb. with / provide sth. for | 提供 | They provide us with tools. |
| spend … on | 花费 | spend two hours on the report |
| prefer A to B | 更喜欢 | I prefer tea to coffee. |
| be different from | 与…不同 | Mine is different from yours. |
对比一组：compare A with B 是「把两者作比较」，compare A to 是「把 A 比作 B」（Shakespeare compared the world to a stage）。
及物陷阱：介词多余或缺失
这类动词本身及物，接宾语不用介词；题目常在多余的 about / with 上设空：
| 动词 | 正确 | 典型错误 |
|---|---|---|
| discuss | discuss the problem | discuss |
| marry | marry her；be married to her | marry |
| reach | reach Beijing | reach |
| answer | answer the question | answer |
| enter | enter the room | enter |
| attend | attend the meeting | attend |
名词方向的介词另记：the answer to the question，the key to the door，the entrance to the hall——「通往、对应」的关系用 to。
介词 + 关系代词
「介词 + which/whom」结构里介词后不能用 that：the house in which I lived 正确，**in that 错误。介词选哪个，看与先行词的搭配（in the house → in which），见语法页定语从句一节。