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词汇考前速记
适用场景：考前 10 分钟快速浏览，优先抓住高频同义替换和固定短语。
完整版（148 题总表、复现高频词、语义场归类）见高频词汇。
一、词汇题核心规律
- 词汇题本质上是同义替换题
- 动词、形容词、短语最常考
- 不只考单词意思，更考固定搭配和语境
- 真题里“短语替换”占比稳定，不可忽视
二、高频同义词记录
| 原词 | 高频替换 |
|---|---|
| eligible | qualified |
| sufficient | enough |
| ample | enough |
| suspend | halt |
| cease | stop |
| deteriorate | worsen |
| surpass | exceed |
| assess | evaluate |
| demonstrate | show |
| elaborate | explain |
| critical | crucial |
| substantial | heavy / considerable |
| fragile | delicate |
| deliberate | intentional |
| eventually | finally |
| virtually | completely |
| admission | entrance |
| trait | feature |
| scrutiny | examination |
| liability | responsibility |
三、高频短语记录
| 短语 | 替换表达 |
|---|---|
| put into practice | apply |
| appeal to | attract |
| called off | canceled |
| give out | disclose |
| leaf through | browse |
| in excess of | more than |
| catch up with | follow |
| put across | explain |
| once in a while | occasionally |
| stepped down | resigned |
| give rise to | cause / create |
| wear off | disappear |
| in terms of | with regard to |
| find fault with | criticize |
| brought forward | advanced |
| burned out | exhausted |
| carry out | implement |
| attributed to | caused by |
| consists in | lies in |
| on purpose | deliberately |
四、高频语义组
这一部分最值得背，因为题目经常换词不换义。
1. 停止 / 取消
- cease -> stop
- suspend -> halt
- call off -> cancel
- wear off -> disappear
2. 充足 / 资格
- sufficient -> enough
- ample -> enough
- eligible -> qualified
3. 解释 / 展示
- demonstrate -> show
- elaborate -> explain
- put across -> explain
4. 因果 / 归因
- give rise to -> cause
- attribute to -> cause
- consist in -> lie in
5. 态度 / 倾向
- deliberate -> intentional
- on purpose -> deliberately
- inclined -> leaning
- reluctantly -> unwillingly
五、固定搭配速记
- be eligible for sth.
- attribute A to B
- sth. appeal to sb.
- be authorized to do sth.
- catch up with sth.
- carry out a plan / task
- call off a class / meeting
- give out information
- in excess of sth.
- leaf through a book
- be inclined to do sth.
- in terms of sth.
- put across an idea / point
- consist in sth. / doing sth.
- pain / effect wears off
六、最容易混的点
1. consist in / consist of
- consist in: 在于
- consist of: 由……组成
2. give out
- 真题里常考“泄露”
- 不要只背“分发”
3. eligible
- 常和
for连用 - 表“有资格的”
4. deliberate / deliberately
- deliberate: 故意的
- deliberately / on purpose: 故意地
5. critical
- 真题里常不是“批评的”
- 更常考“关键的” = crucial
七、考前回看：20 组
- eligible -> qualified
- sufficient -> enough
- ample -> enough
- suspend -> halt
- cease -> stop
- assess -> evaluate
- surpass -> exceed
- demonstrate -> show
- elaborate -> explain
- fragile -> delicate
- substantial -> considerable / heavy
- trait -> feature
- scrutiny -> examination
- called off -> canceled
- give out -> disclose
- put across -> explain
- carry out -> implement
- give rise to -> cause
- attributed to -> caused by
- on purpose -> deliberately
八、考前自查
- 是否优先看短语题
- 是否注意固定搭配
- 是否按语境判断词义
- 是否先排除明显不合语法的选项
- 是否警惕熟词生义